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Nitty-Gritty Basketball
Coaching Myths & Realities

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Basketball Coaching Myths That Stifle Improvement & Realities
by Sidney Goldstein Copyright © 1996,2002,2010 by Sidney Goldstein

Basketball as a sport has been hyped almost beyond recognition by sportscasters and advertisers. What was once considered a fun, learning, and healthy activity for kids has now turned into a contest to win the most games and gain the most publicity. The big losers in this situation are not only the kids we coach, but also us, the coaches, because we are relentlessly inundated with materials and ideas from publicity and sales-driven entities. Without thought and information to the contrary, we incorporate their ignorant perspective into our own. If you better understand the underlying absurdity of each myth that inhibits your growth, you can achieve more than you ever dreamed.

Myth number one is that basketball fundamentals are only for sixth grade girls; that only coaches at the elementary level need to teach shooting, dribbling, passing and so on; that players without these skills need to go back to their elementary school and learn them; and that it is an insult to the intelligence and integrity of any coach to teach at that level. I have news for those who think like this!

Fundamentals are the building blocks of basketball. Everything done on the court depends on the execution of basic skills. Proper execution of team skills depends on fundamentals, not how well you practice plays.

Here are two examples that demonstrate the flawed reasoning in this myth.

1)When a player flashes into the lane for a pass there are a myriad of skills involved like faking before the cut, cutting, jumping to the ball, catching, and pivoting to name a few. More sophisticated skills like looking for a place to cut, communicating with the passer, and timing are more advanced skills involved in this seemingly simple play. Not being able to timely perform any one, only one, of the basics will prevent proper execution.

2)The success of an out-of-bounds play is not determined by where a player sets up and predetermined movements, but by how well a player reads the defense and then reacts using basic skills like cutting and faking. More advanced skills like communicating are also essential. The team as a whole needs to read the defense, then react to take advantage of the situation.

To successfully teach team skills, coaches need to work on each individual fundamental, not throw zillions of skills at players in one fell swoop through working on predetermined plays or plays with limited options. Break each team skill into its component individual skills and then break these down further into learnable, doable steps.When players are armed with individual skills they will learn team skills in minutes, rather than hours, days, weeks, or never.

Myth number two is that fundamentals are easy to teach and learn, and team skills are more difficult. Nothing could be further from the truth. Any grandmom could become expert in teaching team skills in weeks, whereas you need more knowledge of, and interest in, basketball to teach fundamentals.

Fundamentals are difficult to learn and players usually learn slowly, but they learn well if properly taught. We only need to look at the best players on earth in the NBA to see that when coaches neglect fundamentals, players do not improve shooting, foul shooting, dribbling, passing or boxing out. (Try to find an NBA player who can dribble without palming the ball.) As a result, the play in the NBA often looks like school-yard basketball.

Myth number three is that you can't teach many skills like shooting and dribbling. Coaches who regularly go the NCAA's tell me that. This is nonsense! However, in one sense they are correct: you can't teach what you don't know. Because teaching individual skills is very difficult, it has become almost traditional not to bother. These coaches realize they have never had success before, so why waste time. It's much easier to just work on team skills and repeat the mantra, "players either have it or not." My books and videos cover every skill that these coaches think unteachable.

Another myth is that the most skilled players are the best players. Unfortunately, you need more than skill to be a good player. An 80-year-old sharp shooter will not be effective in a game because he/she can't move fast enough. Conditioning, strength, quickness, and agility are additional requirements for a great basketball player. Skill only goes so far. And, most of a coach's practice should involve improving a player's athleticism--conditioning, agility, quickness and so on.

One more myth involves the importance of plays. When I started to study basketball, I found many books entirely devoted to offense, describing at least five zillion plays. Surely one of these must work well all the time! If the play works in practice why won't it work in a game!

Plays don't work because players need to react to the defense, not act like automated robots.To effectively react each player must properly execute basic skills like cutting, faking, coming to the ball, and more involved skills like communicating, looking, passing and so on. When skills are taught separately players, without the help of the coach, automatically synthesize them into an effective offense.

Another myth is that repetition yields improvement, practice makes perfect. In a way, this is correct. If you do something 100 times incorrectly, then you become expert in doing it wrong. To do things correctly and improve you most do it properly each time.
How is it that a player can make 40 foul shots in a row in practice and then shoot 20 out of 40 in a game? To understand the answer, one must know a little more about shooting.

Shooting success depends on improving technique, the mechanics of moving the body, the arms, wrists, fingers, etc. A player must develop proper technique, then practice to maintain this technique. Shooting 40 foul shots in a row does not develop or even help maintain technique. As a matter of fact, shooting 40 shots gets players in to a groove using technique that can not be reproduced another day. On game day this player uses a completely different technique thus leading to poor shooting.

There are a series of lessons that help develop technique. These are quite difficult to learn. One learned they need to be regularly practiced from one foot from the basket. Only when a player is ready should he/she practice from the foul line. And then only 2 shots in a row should be taken.

Many myths involve sport's mottos. Each one is antithetical to common sense and coaching.

"No pain, no gain" is one that causes many unnecessary injuries. You don't have to push kids or people to do more than they should on an athletic field. Kids, even adults, always do more than they should, not less. Kids will gladly break their necks at practice. Your job as a coach is to prevent them from doing so. You need to slow them down, teach them how to pace themselves and get in shape properly. You don't want players (or yourself) putting in that one big effort that will put them out of commission for a week or month.

Any type of conditioning or training takes time. You can't cram it in all at once. Just like learning anything, you need to do a little each day. This is how anyone gets the most benefit.

Another sports motto, "Winning is the only thing," maybe true if your job as a professional coach depends on it. Most of us are not in pressure-cooker situations like pro coaches. If we work with kids, our objective should be to make sports a fun, learning, and healthy activity. We don't need reckless abandon to recruit the best players, cater to them, and neglect the others. We don't need to put only our best players in the game, benching all others in order to win. Winning only means that you scored one more point than the other team. It does not mean that players learned, improved, or played well. It doesn't mean that you, as a coach, have done a good job. Real winners work with kids, not use them to satisfy their personal winning aspirations.

Several other myths involve inspiration. One is that coaches need to get their players up for the game. If you ever coached or breathed air outside a vacuum you know that kids are always up. Kids are especially happy when they play sports. If your kids are depressed then maybe they need a psychiatrist; maybe you need one too.

As a player I can't remember any time I was depressed for more than 3 seconds regardless of the score. So, why do you need to get players up? As a coach I found I needed to do just the opposite - I needed to regularly calm and focus players on the job at hand.

Another myth involving inspiration is that inspirational time-outs or halftime talks can greatly influence the play of a team. Nonsense. Players need specific information and ways to do things, not uplifting speeches. An uplifting speech can't teach players, only working on fundamentals will do that. Leave inspirational talks to politicians; coaches need to teach.

There are several myths that involve shooting. One is that players need to spend a lot of time shooting from great distances which includes foul shooting for younger players. The problem is not their aim or the arc of the shot, it is their shooting technique, the mechanical movements of the fingers, hand, wrist, arms, and body in the shooting process. To improve shooting at any distance players need to work on shooting technique and then shoot from one foot before going to greater distances. Even then, players must practice from long range in a game like situation, not shoot 20 shots in a row. Shooting zillions in a row from one spot destroys technique because a player will develop a technique du jour that will not be available on game day. Foul shooting percentages in the NBA, where they practice zillions of shots, instead of working on technique, reflect a lack of work on shooting technique.

Another example of improper practice involves forcing young players who are not yet strong enough to shoot from the foul line. Practicing from this great distance will surely cause their shot to fall apart. Players need to work at shorter distances till they are strong enough to shoot at longer distances.

All players need to develop and then practice technique everyday. Only if players improve technique can they permanently improve shooting.

Another shooting myth is that shooting is mental. Nothing could be further from the truth, unless you consider feeling good when shooting well, or feeling bad when shooting poorly relevant. Shooting is 100% mechanical, not mental. Players need to work on each mechanical movement separately before shooting from one foot. Then they eventually need to advance to shooting under game-like pressure.

In all, players need to practice shooting at three levels:
1) technique level ­ the mechanical movements;
2) practice level ­ applying technique usually from one foot; and
3) game level ­ realistic shooting practice.

Working at all three levels yields permanent, not temporary, shooting improvement. If shooting were even partly mental, then regular psychiatric visits would help.

I have presented some of the myths passed down from one generation of coaches to the next and from coaches to their players. None make sense, and most importantly, none help. If basketball were viewed as a fun, learning, and healthy activity for kids, not entertainment for fans, these myths would be more obvious. If coaching was viewed as teaching, not an ego trip involving beating other teams, then more coaches at every level would have interest in the basics of the game. By dispelling myths and hype I hope that "basketball" can get on with the important business at hand - teaching and playing the game - not cashing in on the ability of a few talented players.
Your comments are welcome.


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